Roofing Nails Guide

Type, Length & Coating Selection

This guide explains how to choose the right roofing nail for the job. Smooth-shank galvanized for asphalt shingles, ring-shank for metal panels and underlayment, stainless steel for coastal zones. Length: 1-1/4" for new install on 7/16 OSB; 1-1/2" or 1-3/4" for overlay; 2" for cedar shake. Gauge: 11 or 12 with 3/8" head minimum per ASTM F1667. Includes coverage rates so you can buy the right pound count.

Roofing nails are the cheapest component on the roof and the one most able to ruin it. Length, head size, material and how they are driven all matter, and three of the four are decided before the crew arrives.

Length by what the nail passes through

Roofing nail length by situation
SituationLengthWhy
New shingles on a bare 1/2 in deck1¼ inReaches 3/4 in into the deck
Over one existing layer1¾ inAdds the old course thickness
Over two layers or a thick deck2 inSame rule, more material above
Board sheathing under 3/4 inThrough the boardFull penetration replaces the 3/4 in rule
Cap over a ridge vent2 in or longerThe vent raises the cap off the deck

How many, by roof size

Roofing nails and weight by roof area
Roof area4-nail patternWeight6-nail high-windWeight
1,000 sq ft2,64018.9 lb3,96028.3 lb
1,500 sq ft3,96028.3 lb5,94042.4 lb
2,000 sq ft5,28037.7 lb7,92056.6 lb
2,500 sq ft6,60047.1 lb9,90070.7 lb
3,000 sq ft7,92056.6 lb11,88084.9 lb

Material

Driving them

Frequently asked questions

What size roofing nails do I need?

1¼ inch on a bare half-inch deck, 1¾ inch over one existing layer, 2 inch over two layers or a thick deck. The nail must reach at least 3/4 inch into the sheathing, or fully through if it is thinner.

How many roofing nails per square?

About 264 for architectural shingles on a four-nail pattern and 320 for three-tab. Six-nail high-wind patterns raise both by half.

What is the nail line on a shingle?

The marked band where the fastener must go, in the common bond area where two shingle layers overlap. Nailing above it means the fastener holds only one layer, and that is where blow-offs start.

Can I use staples for shingles?

No. Most manufacturers treat staples as voiding the wind warranty and many jurisdictions no longer permit them.